十三组易混介词短语用法辨析

来源:用户上传      作者: 谢奎金

　　一、in time/ in the meanwhile
　　（1）The manager wants to see changes in the company， and I am sure he will . （2013年陕西卷）
　　A. in particular B. in turn
　　C. in charge D. in time
　　（2）It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ， I’ll set the table. （2013年浙江卷）
　　A. As a resul B. On the whole
　　C. In the meanwhile D. As a matter of fact
　　解析：（1）D；（2）C。in time及时（early or soon enough to do sth），迟早（sooner or later）；in the meanwhile与此同时，用法同at the same time。另外，与time搭配常见短语还有：at a time表示次数，译作“一次”；at one time用来表示过去时间，译作“曾经，一度”；on time准时，按时（at the correct time）；in no time立即；at no time 在任何时候都不；for a time表时间段，译作“有一段时间”；by the time（连词）到……时。
　　二、in a way/ in the way/ by the way
　　（1）――I think he is taking an active part in social work.
　　――I agree with you .
　　A. in a way B. on the way
　　C. by the way D. in the way
　　（2）A great man shows his greatness the way he treats little men.
　　A. under B. with C. on D. by
　　（3）Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess， as her children are always whenever she tries to. （2013年福建卷）
　　A. in the way B. on watch
　　C. in sight D. on the line
　　解析：（1）A；（2）D；（3）A。in a way在某种意义上，以某种方式；by the way附带说一下或后续从句，表方式；in the way 挡道、碍事。另外，常见搭配还有：in one way在某些方面；on the way在途中，即将到达；by way of途经、路过；in no way无论如何不。
　　三、in view of/ in terms of/ with regard to
　　（1） achievement， last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low， though not failing， grade.
　　A. In terms of B. In case of
　　C. As a result of D. In face of
　　（2）I am always delighted when I receive an email from you. the party on July 1st， I shall be pleased to attend. （2013年江苏卷）
　　A. On account of B. In response to
　　C. In view of D. With regard to
　　解析：（1）A；（2）D。in view of表“鉴于”（用来分析原因，类似于given the fact）；in terms of在……方面，就……而言，据……来解释，谈及（用以表示事情或情况所涉及的范围）。with regard to用法同with respect to关于，谈到（用于另起话题或回到刚谈到的话题）。
　　四、above all/ after all
　　（1）Why are you so anxious？It isn’t your problem .
　　A. on purpose B. in all
　　C. on time D. after all
　　（2）To be great， you must be smart， confident， and， ， honest.
　　A. therefore B. above all
　　C. however D. after all
　　解析：（1）D；（2）B。above all 用以强调和突出事实，译作“尤其，最重要的是”；after all用作提示语，转换话题，译作“毕竟，终究”。
　　五、more than/ rather than/ other than
　　（1）It took building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brains， too. 　　A. other than B. more than
　　C. rather than D. less than
　　（2）In most cases， the parents should be blamed the children.
　　A. other than B. in place of
　　C. rather than D. in case of
　　（3） The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself.
　　A. rather than B. other than
　　C. more than D. better than
　　解析：（1）B；（2）C；（3） B。more than用法灵活，有多种变体形式，常见词义为“超过、不仅仅”等，表程度；rather than在更大程度上，可译作“与其不如、是……而不是……”；other than除了、除非，表示反面条件。
　　六、in honor of/ in favour of
　　（1）When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster， many teachers would prefer to see him step aside younger men.
　　A. in terms of B. in need of
　　C. in favor of D. in praise of
　　（2）Washington， a state in the United States， was named one of the greatest American presidents.
　　A. in honor of B. instead of
　　C. in favor of D. by means of
　　解析：（1）C；（2）A。in honor of 为了表示对……崇敬；in favor of 支持，同意（agree with and support）。
　　七、far from/ instead of
　　（1）So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy， but it is ideal. We have to work still harder.
　　A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to
　　（2）Now that you are not well， you may as well stay at home. I will go you.
　　A. as well as B. instead of
　　C. along with D. far from
　　解析：（1）B；（2）B。far from远非，一点也不，同not at all，后接动词-ing形式或形容词；instead of代替，作“而不”讲时，具备连词性质，所接成分要对等。
　　八、in general/ in particular/ in detail
　　（1）In ， the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.
　　A. common B. total C. general D. particular
　　（2）We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment in general and air pollution .
　　A. in all B. in particular
　　C. in advance D. in need
　　（3）We’d better discuss everything before we work out the plan.
　　A. in detail B. in general
　　C. on purpose D. on time
　　解析：（1）C；（2）B；（3）A。in general “一般说来、大体上、总体上”（多从经验出发或宏观上考虑，符合常规in most cases， usually）；而in particular表“尤其、特别”，同especially，强调程度；in detail详细地，强调内容。
　　九、in turn/ in return/ in exchange for
　　（1）A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympic， which will promote its economic development.
　　A. in nature B. in return
　　C. in turn D. in fact
　　（2）We give dogs time， space and love we can spare， and dogs give us their all.
　　A. in all B. in fact C. in short D. in return
　　（3）It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money favors to them. 　　A. in preference to B. in place of
　　C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
　　解析：（1）C；（2）D；（3）D。in turn表示推论，可译作“因此，因而，反过来”。还可表示顺序，轮流、依次（即one after the other）；in return作为……回报；in exchange for作为……交换。
　　十、apart from/ except for
　　（1） good service， the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
　　A. Far from B. Apart from
　　C. Instead of D. Regardless of
　　（2）Everything was perfect for the picnic the weather.
　　A. in place of B. as well as
　　C. except for D. in case of
　　解析：（1）B；（2）C。apart from兼有except for和besides两种意义；except for整体加以肯定，局部加以修正，还表“要不是由于”，此时同but for，常见于虚拟语气中。
　　十一、for lack of/ in case of/ for fear of
　　（1）More and more high―rise buildings have been built in big cities space.
　　A. in search of B. in place of
　　C. for lack of D. for fear of
　　（2）He got to the station early， missing his train.
　　A. in case of B. instead of
　　C. for fear of D. in search of
　　解析：（1）C；（2）C。for lack of表示实际原因，译作“因缺乏”；for fear of表示心理原因，译作“惟恐、以免、害怕”；in case of表假设，译作“万一、要是”，尤用于官方告示。
　　十二、in store/ in place/ in order
　　（1）When she arrived in China， she wondered what the future might have for her， but now all her worries are gone.
　　A. in need B. in time C. in reparation D. in store
　　（2）―Have you got all the lights yet？
　　―Yes， sir. The workers have been paid off.
　　A. in place B. in order
　　C. in use D. in effect
　　解析：（1）D；（2）A。in store即将到来； in place表示“在适当、通常的位置上”或“在工作，准备就绪”（working or ready to work）；in order整齐、有条理、按顺序。
　　十三、because of/ thanks to/ but for
　　（1）The open-air celebration has been put off the bad weather.
　　A. in case of B. in spite of
　　C. instead of D. because of
　　（2） the examination， we would have had a much happier time.
　　A. Thanks to B. But for
　　C. Because of D. Now that
　　（3）Jenny nearly missed the flight doing too much shopping.
　　A. as a result of B. on top of
　　C. in front of D. in need of
　　解析：（1）D；（2）B；（3）A。because of 表原因，用法同as a result of；thanks to多亏，表示心理上的感激或用作讽刺；but for 要不是，同without表假设，常用于虚拟语气中。
　　（作者单位：河南省郑州市十九中）
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