2%噻虫胺颗粒剂和性诱剂对果蔗条螟的田间防控效果

来源:用户上传      作者:付建涛 安玉兴 卢颖林 李继虎 刘景业 陈立君 戴思行 孙东磊

　　摘要：果蔗是我华南地区的特色水果，条螟（ChilosacchariphagusBojer）是危害果蔗的主要害虫之一，严重影响果蔗的产量和品质。农药防治是目前最主要的技术手段，但是大量的化学农药施用不仅危害环境，而且对人们健康存在安全隐患。为了推进化学农药减量增效以及果蔗行业的绿色发展，本研究根据果蔗条螟预测预报技术，建立了“2%噻虫胺颗粒剂+性诱剂”技术模式，并在广州市南沙区东涌镇和榄核镇开展了试验与示范工作。结果表明，条螟性诱剂预测预报结果与人工花叶调查结果基本一致，但是花叶率高峰期与同期诱蛾量高峰期相比具有7～10d的滞后;甘蔗苗期2%噻虫胺颗粒剂处理后30d，在东涌镇处理组枯心率为0.47%±0.04%，榄核镇枯心率为0.66%±0.23%，对照组为5.03%±3.09%。东涌镇、榄核镇处理苗期果蔗枯心的防效分别为90.60%±0.85%和86.88%±2.69%，花叶防效分别为77.60%±7.34%和74.65%±6.36%，2个试验地的防效差异不显著;中期挂迷向丝15d后性诱剂迷向防控在东涌镇和榄核镇的螟害株防治效果分别为86.52%±2.56%和89.64%±3.00%，螟害节防治效果分别为77.48%±7.97%和89.64%±2.38%;收获前最终调查显示，东涌镇和榄核镇的最终螟害株防效分别为75.44%±3.56%和82.63%±5.13%，螟害节防效分别为74.08%±11.00%和78.84%±6.44%。研究表明，“2%噻虫胺颗粒剂+性诱剂”技术模式对果蔗条螟具有良好的防治效果，将为果蔗条螟的防控以及农药减量增效提供技术参考。
　　关键词：果蔗;条螟;性诱剂;噻虫胺;防治效果中图分类号：S435.661文献标识码：A
　　ControlEffectof2%ClothianidinGranuleandSexPheromoneonChilosacchariphagusBojerinFruitSugarcaneField
　　FUJiantao1，3，ANYuxing1，3，LUYinglin1，3，LIJihu1，LIUJingye2，CHENLijun1，3，DAISixing1，3，SUNDonglei1，3*
　　1.InstituteofNanfan&SeedIndustry，GuangdongAcademyofSciences，Guangzhou，Guangdong510316，China;2.AgricultureandRuralServiceCenterofNanshaDistrict，Guangzhou，Guangzhou，Guangdong511455，China;3.GuangdongProvincePesticide-fertilizerTechnologyResearchCenter，Guangzhou，Guangdong510316，China
　　Abstract：FruitsugarcaneisacharacteristicfruitinSouthChina.ChilosacchariphagusBojerisoneofthemostimportantpestsoffruitsugarcane，whichseriouslyaffectstheyieldandquality.Pesticidecontrolisthemostimportanttechnicalmeansatpresent，buttheapplicationofalargenumberofchemicalpesticidesnotonlyharmstheenvironment，butalsocausessafetyriskstohumanhealth.Inordertopromotethereductionandefficiencyofchemicalpesticidesandthegreendevelopmentoffruitsugarcane，thisstudyestablishedatechnicalmodelof“2%clothianidingranules+sexpheromone”basedonthepredictionandpredictiontechnologyofC.sacchariphagusBojerinfruitsugarcanefield.ThefieldexperimentswerecarriedoutinDongchongTownandLanheTown，NanshaDistrict，Guangzhou，in2019.Theresultsshowedthatthepredictionresultsofsexpheromonewereconsistentwiththeartificialinvestigation，butthepeakofmosaicratewas7to10daysbehindthepeakofmoth-trappingpopulation.30daysaftertreatmentwith2%clothianidingranulesatseedlingstage，thedeadheartratewas0.47%±0.04%inDongchongtown，0.66%±0.23%inLanhetown，and5.03%±3.09%incontrolgroup，respectively.Thecontroleffectsof2%clothianidingranulesondeadheartrateatseedlingstagewas90.60%±0.85%and86.88%±2.69%inDongchongTownandLanheTown，respectively.PlantinDongchongTownandLanheTownafter15dayswas86.52%±2.56%and89.64%±3.00%，respectively，andthecontroleffectonstemborerswas77.48%±7.97%and89.64%±2.38%;therewasalsonosignificantdifferencebetweenDongchongTownandLanheTowntreatmentgroups.ThefinalinvestigationbeforetheharvestshowedthatthecontroleffectofdamageplantinDongchongTownandLanheTownwas75.44%±3.56%and82.63%±5.13%，respectively，andthecontroleffectofthedamagenodeswas74.08%±11.00%and78.84%±6.44%，respectively.Theresultsshowedthatthe“2%clothianidingranule+sexattractant”technologymodelhadagoodcontroleffectonC.sacchariphagusinNansha，Guangzhou，whichwouldprovidetechnicalreferenceforthepreventionandcontrolofcaneborerandthereductionandefficiencyofpesticide.

nlc202208311121

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