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冠心病患者实施综合护理干预的价值分析

来源:用户上传      作者:王媛媛

   【摘要】 目的:分析實施综合护理干预在冠心病患者中的价值。方法:选取笔者所在医院于2018年6月-2019年12月时间段收治的冠心病患者100例为研究的观察对象,按照入院治疗的先后顺序,将100例冠心病患者平均分为观察组和对照组,每组均各50例。对照组的所有患者均进行常规护理,观察组的患者均在对照组常规护理的基础之上,再加用综合护理。对两组护理前后的SAS评分、SDS评分、SF-36评分、心绞痛发作次数、心率以及住院时间、满意度评分进行比较,以评估护理效果。结果:护理前,两组患者的SAS、SDS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理2周后,观察组患者的SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组患者的心绞痛发作次数、心率均优于对照组(P<0.05),观察组患者的住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05),满意度评分高于比对照组(P<0.05)。护理前,两组患者的SF-36各维度评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理2周后,观察组SF-36各维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:冠心病患者实施综合护理干预的价值较高,可以改善患者的情绪状态,缩短住院时间,提高患者对护理的满意度及生活质量评分,值得推广。
   【关键词】 冠心病 综合护理干预 生活质量 满意度
   Analysis of the Value of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease/WANG Yuanyuan. //Medical Innovation of China, 2020, 17(22): 0-094
   [Abstract] Objective: To analyze the value of comprehensive nursing intervention in patients with coronary heart disease. Method: 100 patients with coronary heart disease admitted to our hospital from June 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the study objects. According to the sequence of admission treatment, 100 patients with coronary heart disease were divided into observation group and control group, each group had 50 patients. All patients in the control group were given routine nursing, and the patients in the observation group were given comprehensive nursing on the basis of routine nursing in the control group. SAS score, SDS score, SF-36 score, the times of angina attack, heart rate, length of stay and satisfaction score were compared before and after nursing in order to evaluate the nursing effect. Result: Before nursing, the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were compared, and there was no statistical significance (P>0.05). After 2 weeks of nursing, the scores of SAS and SDS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After 2 weeks of nursing, the times of angina attack and heart rate in the observation group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). The length of stay in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group, and the satisfaction score was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Before nursing, compared the SF-36 scores of the two groups, there were no statistical significances (P>0.05). After 2 weeks of nursing, the SF-36 scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The value of comprehensive nursing intervention in patients with coronary heart disease is high, it can improve the emotional state of patients, shorten the length of stay, improve the satisfaction of patients with nursing and the quality of life score, it is worth promoting.   2.2 两组护理前后的SAS评分、SDS评分比较 护理前,两组患者的SAS、SDS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理2周后,观察组患者的SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。见表1。
  2.3 两组护理前后的心绞痛发作次数、心率以及住院时间、满意度评分比较 护理2周后,观察组患者的心绞痛发作次数、心率均优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的住院时间短于对照组,满意度评分高于比对照组(P<0.05)。见表2。
  2.4 两组护理前后的SF-36评分比较 护理前,两组患者的SF-36各维度评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理2周后,观察组SF-36各维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表3。
  3 讨论
   随着社会的高速发展,人们饮食结构及生活方式改变、老龄化问题等各方面原因,导致冠心病的患病率越来越高,且患病年龄越来越低[8-11]。冠心病是一种慢性疾病,常常反复发作,影响患者的生命安全和生活质量,导致患者需要经常住院治疗调养,且随着死亡率的逐年升高,目前是影响患者健康安全的中药的一种新血管疾病[12-13]。
   有相关的研究发现,除了给予冠心病及时、必要、有效的治疗之外,为患者提供一种个性化的、优质的护理方案,也可以在一定程度上帮助患者获得更好的治疗效果,从而提高患者的生活质量。患者入院时,往往病情比较严重,比较痛苦,又因为不熟悉医院的环境,从而非常容易产生焦虑、焦躁、抑郁等情绪状态,对于治疗及护理往往不能很好的配合,不利于心理精神健康及疾病恢复[14-17]。胡慧涟等[1]研究发现,给与冠心病患者认知行为干预,可缓解患者的不良情绪,改善生活质量,提高对于疾病知识的掌握程度。王淑萍[14]研究发现,给予冠心病患者综合性护理的效果较好,可以改善患者心率、血压,加快恢复,提高护理满意度。文献[18]提示,给与高血压合并冠心病患者以综合护理,可以提高护理满意度,缩短住院的时间。
   本研究实施的综合护理干预包括入院时的评估、心理护理、饮食护理、运动指导等,能够显著改善患者的不良情绪,提高生活质量,效果较好。本研究结果显示:护理前,两组患者的SAS、SDS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理2周后,观察组患者的SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组患者的心绞痛发作次数、心率均优于对照组(P<0.05),观察组患者的住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05),满意度评分高于比对照组(P<0.05)。护理前,两组患者的SF-36各维度评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理2周后,观察组SF-36各维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本研究结果与文献[19-21]结果相似。
   综上所述,冠心病患者实施综合护理干预的价值较高,可以改善患者的情绪状态,缩短住院时间,提高患者对护理的满意度及生活质量评分,值得推广。
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  (收稿日期:2020-05-11) (本文编辑:周亚杰)
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