诺贝尔奖得主的停车位

来源:用户上传      作者: 付勤

　　n September 2009， the city of Higashiomi launched a used cooking oil collection service for residents using its municipal “Chokotto” transit buses （chokotto bus means “quick bus ride” in Japanese）.
　　The collected cooking oil is refined and recycled for use as biodiesel fuel in the very same buses， which run on 12 routes through the city.
　　Higashiomi has already drawn attention from all over Japan because of its eco-friendly “Nanohana” project （rapeseed flower project）―involving a wide range of initiatives to create the infrastructure for a regional society based on resource recycling―which includes the cultivation of rapeseed， use of rapeseed oil for home cooking， collection of the used cooking oil， and then refining it into fuel. To carry out the project， the city began cooperating with the local residents’ association， gas stations， community councils， and companies. So far， it has collected 32，000 liters of used cooking oil， which represents 32 percent of all household-derived waste cooking oil in the city.
　　To recover used oil most efficiently， the focus of the bus-collection service is to promote citizen involvement. For residents， the system works like this： first， they peel off the labels from the empty clear plastic cooking oil bottle and rinse it； next， they fill it with their used cooking oil. Finally， they pass the full bottle to the bus driver when they get on the bus， and in return they receive a Chokotto Bus “Eco-Tomo” （which means “eco-friendly”） voucher to use as a fare ticket worth 100 yen （about $1.1） on their next bus trip.
　　There are also candles made from used cooking oil and recycled glass.
　　Waste cooking oil doesn’t have to go down the drain； it can be used to make candles， according to the creators of the Filt waste oil candle.
　　Filt’s Tokyo office sits on top of the popular Chubby cafe. Periodically， Filt employees make the trek downstairs and gather used cooking oil， which is filtered， colored， and scented. Even the candle glass comes from local sources. Every week， the Filters rummage through glass recycling bins to find containers. The result： each Filt candle is completely unique.
　　The candles， which cost about $20 depending on size， are only available in Japan. But the idea of upcycling waste to create new products is gaining ground around the world. TerraCycle， a New-Jersey-based start-up， repurposes waste packaging into everything from messenger bags to cell phone holders.
　　年9月，日本东近江市面向乘坐本市公交快线的居民，开展了收集废弃食用油的活动。
　　收集上来的食用油通过提炼，最终变成生物柴油，为运营在该市12条线路上的快速公交车提供燃料。
　　由于发起“油菜花”环保项目，东近江市已受到日本全国的关注。该项目涉及一系列旨在为东近江市创建基于资源循环利用的基础设施的倡议，其中包含油菜的种植、菜子油的日常食用、废弃食用油的回收和提炼成燃料等内容。为推行该项目，东近江市与当地民间组织、加油站、社区委员会以及一些公司开展合作。目前，该市已收集了3.2万升废弃食用油，相当于全市所有家庭产生的废弃食用油的32%。
　　为了最富成效地回收地沟油，公共汽车上的收集行动的重点是要提高市民的参与度。市民首先要做的就是撕掉空塑料油瓶的标签并将它清洗干净，接着将废弃食用油倒入瓶中，最后，上车时将装满油的瓶子交给司机。作为回报，他们会收到一张公交快线“环保”代金券，价值100日元（约合1.1美元），作为下次乘车时的车票。
　　此外，废弃食用油及回收的玻璃制品还可以用来制作蜡烛。
　　废弃食用油并不一定要被倒进下水道，Filt品牌的创始人告诉我们，它还可以用来制作蜡烛。
　　Filt公司在东京的办公室就位于食客如织的Chubby餐厅上面。Filt公司的职员会定期走下楼，到Chubby餐厅收集废弃的食用油。这些废油会经过过滤、去色以及除味等工序。装蜡烛所用的玻璃都是就地取材。Filt员工每星期都会在回收玻璃制品的垃圾桶里翻找装蜡烛的原材料。正因为如此，Filt出产的每一支蜡烛都是独一无二的。
　　这些蜡烛只在日本销售，其价格取决于大小，大约为20美元。变废为宝的创意正逐渐风靡全球。在美国新泽西州，就有一家名为TerraCycle的新店。在那里，废弃的包装袋被制作成从邮差包到手机座等各式各样的商品。
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