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  • FPG、2 h PG指导下胰岛素皮下注射治疗高龄妊娠期糖尿病患者的效果及对妊娠结局的影响

FPG、2 h PG指导下胰岛素皮下注射治疗高龄妊娠期糖尿病患者的效果及对妊娠结局的影响

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   【摘要】 目的:探讨空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)指导下胰岛素皮下注射治疗高龄妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者的效果及对妊娠结局的影响。方法:选取2017年1月-2018年10月笔者所在医院收治的80例高龄GDM患者为对象,按照入院单双顺序分为对照组(n=40)和观察组(n=40),对照组采用常规运动和饮食疗法进行治疗,观察组在FPG、2 h PG指导下采用皮下注射胰岛素进行治疗,比较两组临床效果和妊娠结局。结果:治疗后,观察组的FPG、2 h PG、HbA1c水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组早产、新生儿低血糖、新生儿畸形、新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征及产后出血发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:FPG、2 h PG指导下胰岛素皮下注射能够有效控制高龄GDM患者血糖水平,改善妊娠结局。
   【关键词】 高龄妊娠期糖尿病; 空腹血糖; 餐后2 h血糖; 胰岛素; 妊娠结局
   doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.16.049 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2019)16-0-03
   【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the effect of insulin subcutaneous injection under the guidance of fasting plasma glucose(FPG) and postprandial 2 hour plasma glucose(2 h PG) in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) in the elderly and its influence on pregnancy outcome.Method:80 elderly patients with GDM admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to October 2018 were selected and divided into the control group(n=40) and the observation group(n=40) according to the order of admission.The control group was treated with routine exercise and diet therapy.The observation group was treated with subcutaneous injection of insulin under the guidance of FPG and 2 h PG.The clinical efficacy and pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared.Result:After treatment,the levels of FPG,2 h PG and HbA1c in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the incidence of premature delivery,neonatal hypoglycemia,neonatal malformation,neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome and postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Insulin subcutaneous injection under the guidance of FPG and 2 h PG can effectively control the blood sugar level of elderly GDM patients and improve pregnancy outcomes.
   【Key words】 Gestational diabetes mellitus in the elderly; FPG; 2 h PG; Insulin; Pregnancy outcome
   First-author’s address:Zaoyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Zaoyang 441200,China
   妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)是指女性在妊娠期发生的糖尿病[1]。其发病可能与胰岛素抵抗、遗传等因素有关。临床表现为多饮、多尿、多食等症状。食疗治疗与运动疗法是治疗GDM的基础疗法,有利于控制血糖、改善脂类代谢、降低胰岛素抵抗,但妊娠期胎兒生长发育的能量由产妇提供,故糖尿病饮食控制不宜过于严格[2]。研究表明,FPG、2 h PG指导下胰岛素皮下注射能够有效控制GDM患者血糖水平[3]。然而目前临床相关报道较少,故笔者通过探讨FPG、2 h PG指导下胰岛素皮下注射治疗高龄GDM的效果及对妊娠结局的影响,以期为临床治疗提供参考,具体报道如下。
  1 资料与方法
  1.1 一般资料
   选取2017年1月-2018年10月笔者所在医院收治的80例高龄GDM患者为对象。纳入标准:(1)均符合《内科学》中GDM诊断标准[4];(2)年龄35~45岁。排除标准:(1)合并其他妊娠疾病者;(2)合并心、肝、肾等其他器官严重衰竭者;(3)沟通、听力、智力、精神障碍患者。采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各40例。观察组:年龄36~44岁,平均(39.41±5.13)岁;孕周25~36周,平均(27.53±4.21)周;病程1~8个月,平均(4.38±0.52)个月。对照组:年龄35~45岁,平均(40.05±5.17)岁;孕周24~35周,平均(28.11±4.19)周;病程1~7个月,平均(4.25±0.47)个月。两组患者上述一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。家属及患者同意参与本次研究并签署知情同意书。
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